ChatGPT: May Help Inform Patients in Dental Implantology.

INTRODUCTION: Patients may have high expectations regarding dental implants based on the source of their information, which can lead to challenges in clinical communication. This study aims to evaluate the quality of responses provided by Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT, OpenAI, USA), an artificial intelligence program, to patient questions in the field of dental implantology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was prospectively designed as a crosssectional study. Frequently asked questions by patients about general information on dental implantology (Part 1) and dental implant brands (Part 2) were posed to the ChatGPT program. Responses were independently assessed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons (Group 1: n=10), periodontologists (Group 2: n=10), prosthodontists (Group 3: n=10), and general dentists (Group 4: n=10) using the Global Quality Scale (GSQ). RESULTS: There were a total of 60 questions, with 30 questions in each part. Participants in the study were evenly distributed by gender (50% female, 50% male) with a mean age of 32.6±4.07 years. The mean years of experience were 8.2±3.12 years. There were no significant differences in mean age, gender, and years of experience among the groups (p>0.05). The overall mean GSQ score was 3.87±0.29. Part 1 had a mean score of 3.9±0.35, and Part 2 had a mean score of 3.85±0.29, with no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The artificial intelligence platform may contribute to the additional education of patients in the field of dental implantology and aid in understanding treatment procedures. However, it is concerning that ChatGPT may exhibit bias regarding dental implant brands, which could impact patient guidance.

Dental patients' tinnitus profile: prevalence, types, and associated factors with oral and maxillofacial diseases.

INTRODUCTION: Maxillofacial diseases may pose a risk factor for the onset of tinnitus, and may influence the severity of its symptoms. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tinnitus among patients routinely visiting the Faculty of Dentistry and to assess the relationship between tinnitus and maxillofacial diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 3,626 patients. Demographic data, information on tinnitus symptoms, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) presence, the existence of trigger points in masticatory muscles, toothache, and bruxism were evaluated. RESULTS: Tinnitus was detected in 385 patients, resulting in a prevalence rate of 10.61%. Of the patients, 38.4% were male and 61.6% were female, and the mean age was 42.66 ± 16.34 years. Tinnitus was categorised as normal in 47.8% of the patients and pathological in 52.2% of the patients. Bruxism was identified in 65.5% of the patients, toothache in 42.9%, TMD in 33.8%, and masticatory trigger points in 27.0% of the patients. A tendency towards tinnitus provoked by toothache was observed in 5.9% of the patients. The presence of pathological tinnitus was found to increase the risk by 1.839 times for toothache and 1.456 times for bruxism. CONCLUSION: There may be an association between oral and maxillofacial diseases and tinnitus, especially bruxism and toothache. Therefore, the evaluation of these conditions may be a routine part of tinnitus management.

Assessing the Potential Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Information Sharing.

BACKGROUND: Artificial Intelligence, by answering questions about disease prevention strategies, can contribute to making diseases more treatable in their early stages. PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the quality of patient information by assessing the responses of the Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT, Open AI, USA) artificial intelligence model to questions related to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: The study was prospective cross-sectional design. The study was conducted within the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The study's questions were prepared by an experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon and directed to the artificial intelligence platform. The responses were evaluated by oral and maxillofacial surgeons using the Global Quality Scale (GQS). PREDICTOR VARIABLE: The predictor variable is question type. A total of 120 questions were categorized into six groups, which encompassed general information about MRONJ (Group 1), queries from patients about to initiate medication therapy (Group 2), questions from patients currently undergoing medication treatment (Group 3), inquiries from patients who had completed medication usage (Group 4), general treatment-related information (Group 5), and case scenarios (Group 6). MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLES: The main variable is the GQS score. The GQS rates the quality of information and its utility for the patients. The scores are as follows: Score 1: Poor quality, Score 2: Generally poor quality, Score 3: Moderate quality, Score 4: Good quality, Score 5: Excellent quality. COVARIATES: Not applicable. ANALYSES: Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied for intragroup and intergroup analyses. The statistical significance level was determined as P < .05 and P < .01. RESULTS: The average score for all questions was calculated to be 3.9 ± 0.8, which is above the "moderate quality" threshold. Group 1 had a mean score of 3.4 ± 1.1; group 2 had 4.1 ± 0.7; group 3 had 3.8 ± 0.8; group 4 had 4.3 ± 0.6; group 5 had 4.2 ± 0.7; and group 6 had 4.1 ± 0.5. The variations in mean scores among these groups did not exhibit statistical significance (P > .05). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: The artificial intelligence model has generated responses of moderate quality to questions about MRONJ. The use of the artificial intelligence platform may assist in patients gaining a fundamental understanding of MRONJ.

The Association of Social Media Videos and Patients' Preoperative Anxiety.

BACKGROUND: Impacted tooth extraction is regarded as one of the dental procedures that induces the highest levels of dental anxiety. PURPOSE: The study purpose was to measure and compare anxiety levels in patients undergoing 3rd molar extraction between those who did or did not view videos related to 3rd molar operations. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND SAMPLE: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The study included patients without any systemic comorbidities who had a indication for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Patients who had previously undergone impacted tooth extractions were excluded from the study. PREDICTOR VARIABLES: The predictor variable was exposure to 3rd molar operation videos on social media. The subjects were grouped into categories; group 1, patients who watched videos and group 2, patients who did not watch videos. OUTCOME VARIABLES: The main outcome variables are state anxiety (S-anxiety) scores and trait anxiety (T-anxiety) scores. Anxiety scores were measured 1 week before the surgery and on the day of the surgery. COVARIATES: Age, sex, education level, and whether the video contained animated or real surgical images were used as covariates. ANALYSES: For normally distributed continuous variables, group means were compared using Student's t-test, while nonnormally distributed variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. A P value of <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 60 patients, with 68.3% female and 31.7% male. In group 1, S-anxiety scores on the surgery day (44.8 ± 10.38) were higher than 1 week before (37.76 ± 8.92), and T-anxiety scores on the surgery day (78.23 ± 5.25) were higher than 1 week before (74.8 ± 5.54). In group 2, S-anxiety scores on the surgery day (35.9 ± 11.27) were higher than 1 week before (32.3 ± 9.53), and T-anxiety scores on the surgery day (79.16 ± 6.32) were higher than 1 week before (75.76 ± 5.55). S-anxiety scores of group 1 were statistically higher than group 2 in both conditions (P < .05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of T-anxiety scores (P > .05). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Watching videos before the operation may be associated with patients' anxiety levels.

Dental Implant Corrosion Products May Accumulate in the Human Body.

BACKGROUND: Corrosion products resulting from the degradation of the dental implant surface due to biological fluids and infection may accumulate in the body and lead to clinical consequences. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study is to measure the accumulation of dental implant corrosion products in the human body and the secondary aim is to estimate the association between corrosion products and fatigue. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: This study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional and was conducted with patients presenting at to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The study included patients with Grade IV dental implants made of pure titanium (Ti) at the bone level and Grade V abutments composed of Ti, aluminum (Al), and vanadium (V). Individuals possessing different metallic implants and those prone to metal exposure were not included in the study. Blood and hair samples were procured from each participant and subsequently analyzed. PREDICTOR VARIABLES: The predictor variable is implant exposure, and it was divided into 3 groups; Group I, patients with healthy dental implants; Group II, patients with peri-implantitis; Control Group, individuals without dental implants. MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLES: The primary outcome variables are Al, Ti, V levels in blood and hair samples and the secondary outcome variable is the fatigue questionnaire score. COVARIATES: Age and gender, along with the dental implant number and duration of exposure within the study groups, are utilized as covariates. ANALYSES: Groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Spearman's correlation coefficient determined relationships between groups, signifying significance with P values <.05. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 30 patients aged 18 to 68, with 53% being female and 47% male. The differences among the 3 groups in the median values of blood Ti, V; hair Al, Ti, V; and fatigue questionnaire scores were not statistically significant (P > .05). However, the median blood Al value was statistically higher in Group II (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: While the presence of healthy dental implants may not affect the accumulation of Al, Ti, and V within the body, patients with peri-implantitis exhibited elevated blood Al levels, possibly due to infection influencing the corrosion process.

Effect of Systemic Oxytocin Administration on New Bone Formation and Distraction Rate in Rabbit Mandible.

PURPOSE: The main disadvantage of distraction osteogenesis is the prolonged treatment protocol. Recently, oxytocin (OT) has been found to have anabolic effects on bone metabolism. In this experimental study, the effects of OT on the mandibular distraction gap in rabbits at 2 different distraction rates were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study was conducted on 28 male New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. Group A (control group, n = 7) consisted of animals with distraction at a rate of 1 mm/day, and group B (n = 7) consisted of animals with a distraction rate of 2 mm/day; groups A and B received postoperative saline solution injection. Group C (n = 7) consisted of animals with distraction at a rate of 1 mm/day, and group D (n = 7) consisted of animals with a distraction rate of 2 mm/day; postoperative OT injection was performed in groups C and D. RESULTS: Both histomorphologic and micro-computed tomography evaluations showed increased bone healing in the OT-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the evaluation of both the histomorphometric and micro-computed tomographic data, systemic OT administration was found to increase new bone formation and bone healing with distraction osteogenesis.